The article examines the development of the industry in the Taurida province from the end of the Crimean War, which led to the desolation of the region, up to the beginning of the 20th century, when it became one of the fastest growing regions in the Russian Empire. Te exception was enterprises that were engaged in servicing the Black Sea Navy and port factories since abundant sources and literature are devoted to this area. Te purpose of this work is to highlight the most important and promising industries in the governorate in the second half of the 19th century. Te author came to the conclusion that during the 1860s the industries in the Taurida province were in decline, their production retained archaic features, primarily due to the devastation during the Crimean War. However, the implementation of the Great Reforms, the construction of the Lozovo-Sevastopol railroad in 1872-1875, which connected not only the districts of the Taurida province with each other, but also the province itself with other administrative-territorial units of the Russian Empire, as well as the progress in agriculture, which was the principal branch of the regional economy, stimulated the economic and social development of the province. Industrial sectoral structure, new types of products, technologies and services emerged in the Tavricheskaya guberniya. At the same time, the author notes that accelerated industrial development in the province was uneven across the territories and provided mostly local needs. Te exception was the food industry, which developed throughout the entire province. Its most successful branches during this period were distilling, brewing, vodka and tobacco production, four milling, canned food and salt production. All these products were intended for sale in local markets, as well as in other provinces of the Russian Empire.